The search for “green materials” is fueled by a desire to protect the environment. Bio-based polymers have proven to be a viable alternative. Because of advancements in biorefineries and bioprocessing technology, their building blocks may now be derived from various biomass, by-products, and organic residues, reducing the demand for fossil fuel resources and lowering their carbon footprint. Novel bio-based polymers with significant added value and improved characteristics and functions have been created for use in a variety of industries. The actual benefits and concerns of such innovative bio-based plastic solutions, on the other hand, have heightened scientific and public awareness.